Marcela Lemos - Page 2

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Marcela Lemos
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Recent Articles by Marcela Lemos

Influenza A: Symptoms, Treatment & How to Protect Yourself

Influenza A is a contagious viral infection caused by H1N1 or H3N2, often with sudden, intense symptoms. Learn how it spreads, common signs, treatment options including antivirals, and who should get the yearly flu vaccine to prevent serious complications.

Diseases and Conditions

Pterygium: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

Pterygium is a growth of conjunctival tissue toward the cornea that can cause irritation, tearing, dryness, light sensitivity, and blurred or double vision. This guide covers diagnosis by an ophthalmologist, common causes like UV exposure, dust, and wind, and treatments from tears to surgery.

Diseases and Conditions

Rh Factor: What It Is and What RH Positive & Negative Mean

The Rh factor is a protein on red blood cells used to classify blood as positive or negative. Although it does not impact daily health, determining this status is essential during pregnancy and transfusions to prevent severe complications caused by blood incompatibility, such as hemolytic anemia.

First Aid

Leptospirosis: Symptoms, Causes, Transmission & Treatment

Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection spread through contact with contaminated water or animal urine. Learn the main symptoms, how the disease is diagnosed, available treatments, and essential prevention steps to reduce the risk of severe complications.

Diseases and Conditions

Anisocytosis. What It Means, How It's Identified & Causes

Anisocytosis is a variation in red blood cell size often identified through the RDW value on a CBC. Learn what an RDW above 14 percent means, common causes like anemia or nutritional deficiencies, and how mild anisocytosis is evaluated to guide proper medical assessment.

Tests

ALT Blood Test: U.S. Normal Range & What High Levels Mean

The AST blood test measures aspartate aminotransferase levels to evaluate liver health and detect conditions like hepatitis, fatty liver disease, or medication-related damage. Learn what normal and high results mean, when the test is ordered, and how abnormal levels are treated.

Tests

Bilirubin in Urine: 11 Causes, Symptoms & What to Do

Bilirubin in urine is an abnormal finding that often signals liver or bile duct problems, such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, gallstones, or cholestasis. It can cause dark urine, jaundice, and itching, and treatment depends on addressing the underlying condition to restore normal bile flow.

Tests

Blood Test Results: How to Read & Normal Levels

Blood test results help identify conditions like anemia, infections, thyroid disorders, diabetes, and more. Learn what common tests such as CBC, TSH, CRP, PSA, glucose, and D-dimer can detect, which values are normal, and how results are typically interpreted by doctors.

Diseases and Conditions

Q Fever: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Causes & Treatment

Q fever is a bacterial infection caused by Coxiella burnetii, transmitted through inhaling contaminated dust from animals like cows, goats, and sheep. Symptoms include fever, headache, and muscle aches, with severe cases leading to endocard.

Tests

Erythrocytes: What High or Low Levels Mean

Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, play a crucial role in oxygen transport, pH balance, and carbon dioxide removal. Learn about normal erythrocyte values, conditions affecting their levels, and how abnormalities like high or low erythrocytes can indicate health issues such as anemia or dehydration.

Diseases and Conditions

Salmonella: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

Salmonella is a bacteria that spreads through contaminated food or water, often from raw or undercooked meat, eggs, or unpasteurized milk. It can cause salmonellosis or typhoid fever, leading to diarrhea, vomiting, fever, and abdominal pain, and may require medical treatment in severe cases.

Diseases and Conditions

Dust Mite: Symptoms, Health Conditions, Prevention & Elimination

A dust mite is a tiny arthropod that causes allergic reactions and respiratory issues, including sneezing, runny nose, and asthma. Learn about common symptoms, diseases they cause, and effective prevention strategies such as cleaning, ventilation, and proper bedding care to eliminate dust mites and reduce health risks.

Tests

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies: Reference Values & What They Mean

Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies (anti-TPO) are immune proteins that can attack the thyroid gland and are associated with disorders like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Graves’ disease. Learn what high anti-TPO levels mean, their possible causes, and how treatment is managed by an endocrinologist.

Diseases and Conditions

Listeria: Symptoms, Diagnosis, Transmission & Treatment

Listeria is a bacteria that causes listeriosis, a foodborne infection spread through contaminated water or food like unpasteurized milk, cheese, meat, or seafood. Symptoms include fever, diarrhea, and muscle pain, and can be severe in pregnant women, older adults, and those with weak immunity.

Diseases and Conditions

Lymphocytosis: What It Means & What to Do

Lymphocytosis is a condition where white blood cell levels are higher than normal, often due to infections like mononucleosis, hepatitis, or tuberculosis, or cancers such as leukemia and lymphoma. Learn about its main causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options.