Herpes is a highly contagious infection that is mainly spread through direct contact with the sores or fluid from someone who has herpes. This can happen through kissing, sharing drinks or utensils, or having unprotected intimate contact. In some cases, it can also spread through contact with objects that touched an active sore.
Cold sores around the mouth can be passed by kissing or by sharing items like cups, towels, or razors that were recently used by someone with a visible sore. The virus can sometimes spread even when there are no visible symptoms, since there are periods when it becomes more active without causing sores. Oral sex can also pass the virus from the mouth to the genital area.
Genital herpes is most easily spread through direct contact with genital sores or fluids during sex without a condom. It can also spread through objects or clothing that touched the sores. It does not spread through toilet seats, bed sheets, or swimming pools.
If herpes is suspected, it is important to see a dermatologist, gynecologist, or urologist for proper diagnosis and treatment. Avoid self-medicating, and take steps to prevent spread, such as avoiding contact with visible sores and practicing safer sex.