While the chance of getting HIV from oral sex is generally low, it is not impossible. Transmission is more likely if you have open sores, ulcers, or cuts in the mouth or on the genitals. The risk also increases if you have bleeding gums or come into contact with menstrual blood during the act.
The danger is highest when a partner with HIV is not following their treatment plan, which leads to a higher amount of virus circulating in their body. Because you cannot confirm a person's viral load without a specific blood test, unprotected sex always carries a risk.
To stay safe, use condoms during every sexual encounter to block contact with semen, vaginal fluids, and blood. This also protects against other infections like chlamydia and gonorrhea. If you suspect you were exposed, see a doctor within 72 hours to discuss PEP, a 28 day preventive treatment. Regular testing every six months is recommended to ensure early diagnosis.