Micropenis: What It Is, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment Options

Micropenis is a rare condition in which the penis is at least 2.5 standard deviations shorter than the average length for a man’s age. In some cases, it may also be associated with changes in the development of other male characteristics.

Although micropenis typically does not pose a health risk, it can cause significant anxiety, especially during adolescence and adulthood. In these cases, psychological support with a therapist may be recommended.

If micropenis is suspected, it is recommended to consult a urologist or an endocrinologist. Many men with micropenis are still able to have a satisfying sex life. However, treatment with hormones or surgery may also be considered to try to increase penis size.

Why it happens

Micropenis usually results from low production of key hormones for male development, such as testosterone, either during fetal development or after birth.

In many cases, there is no specific cause. However, micropenis may be linked to genetic disorders that affect the production of these hormones.

Testosterone is the most important hormone for male sexual development. When levels are too low, the penis may not grow properly and can remain smaller than average.

How diagnosis is confirmed

A urologist usually confirms the diagnosis of micropenis by precisely measuring the penis. The condition is diagnosed when the length is at least 2.5 standard deviations below the average for the person's age, which is around 3.7 inches (9.3 cm) for an adult.

The doctor may also recommend blood tests to assess hormone levels, as well as a karyotype or MRI, to help identify the cause of micropenis—especially if there are signs of delayed or altered puberty.

Treatment options

One of the first treatment options for micropenis is testosterone therapy, which can be given as injections or topical creams. This treatment is usually started during childhood, and some boys may experience penis growth to a size within the normal range. Read more about penis enlargement and if popular techniques work.

However, in adulthood, testosterone therapy may not always produce the expected results. In these cases, surgery to enlarge or reconstruct the penis may be advised.

In addition, vacuum pumps or stretching exercises are sometimes promoted as ways to increase penis size. However, they typically do not offer significant or lasting results.

How to improve intimacy

Certain sexual positions may help improve intimacy in cases of micropenis. Some of the most favorable options include:

• Spooning: In this position, penetration occurs while the partner lies on their side with legs closed and slightly bent, similar to a fetal position. This position increases friction, which may enhance pleasure. It also allows for greater use of the hands for stimulation.

• Rear-entry position: This position with the man penetrating from behind can allow for deeper penetration, making the most of the available length.

• Partner on top: Like doggy style, this position can also help with deeper penetration.

Intimacy with a micropenis can be just as pleasurable as sex with a penis of average size. Men are also encouraged to focus on other sources of pleasure, such as oral sex or the use of sex toys.

It is also important to communicate with the partner before engaging in sexual activity so that both people feel comfortable and can find ways to experience mutual satisfaction.