Neomycin sulfate ointment is an antibiotic that works by destroying bacteria that can cause skin infections, such as ulcers, pus-filled wounds, or boils. It is often combined with bacitracin, another antibiotic that prevents bacteria from multiplying, which enhances its effectiveness in treating skin infections.
This ointment is available in pharmacies under the generic name “neomycin sulfate” or in combination with bacitracin and polymyxin B under brand names such as Neosporin, which can be purchased over the counter for minor cuts, scrapes, and burns.
Although available without a prescription, neomycin ointment should still be used according to medical advice, especially when applied to large or infected areas, or if symptoms do not improve within a few days.
Indications for use
Neomycin sulfate ointment is indicated for the treatment of skin infections, such as:
-
Eczema
-
Pyoderma
-
Boils (furuncles)
-
Infected wounds
-
Skin ulcers
When combined with bacitracin and polymyxin B, neomycin ointment can also be used to:
-
Prevent infection in surgical wounds
-
Treat outer ear infections (otitis externa)
-
Treat nasal mucosa infections
-
Manage impetigo and infected acne
-
Heal minor burns and cuts that have become infected
How to use
Neomycin sulfate ointment should be applied three times a day to the affected area, following the schedule recommended by a healthcare provider. Before application, wash the skin with mild soap and water, and dry it thoroughly. Apply a thin layer of the ointment and, if advised by your doctor, cover the area with a sterile gauze dressing.
The ointment should be used for the entire duration of treatment prescribed by the doctor, even if symptoms improve before the end of therapy.
If you forget to apply a dose, use it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, skip the missed one and continue with your regular routine. Do not apply extra ointment to make up for a missed dose.
For ointments containing neomycin, bacitracin, and polymyxin B, apply two to five times per day to the affected area, as directed by your doctor or as stated on the product label. Treatment should continue for two to three days after symptoms resolve but should not exceed 10 days unless directed by a healthcare professional.
Possible side effects
The most common side effects of neomycin ointment include:
-
Redness
-
Irritation
-
Itching
-
Swelling at the application site
When applied inside the ear or over large areas of skin, ointments that contain neomycin, bacitracin, and polymyxin B may also cause balance problems or hearing loss, especially when used for long periods.
Who should not use it
Neomycin ointments, including those combined with bacitracin and polymyxin B, should not be used by:
-
Premature infants or newborns
-
Breastfeeding women
-
People with myasthenia gravis or kidney disease, such as renal failure
-
Those with severe burns, deep wounds, or large areas of affected skin
These ointments should also be avoided by anyone allergic to neomycin, bacitracin, or other aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as gentamicin, amikacin, or tobramycin.
Neomycin ointment should not be used on the eyes, and it should only be used by children or pregnant women if recommended by a healthcare provider.