Mupirocin is an antibiotic ointment used to treat bacterial skin infections, especially folliculitis, furunculosis, and impetigo, which are commonly caused by Staphylococcus or Streptococcus bacteria. It works by eliminating these bacteria, helping to clear the infection and promote healing.
This ointment is available in pharmacies and drugstores, typically containing 20 mg/g of mupirocin. It can be found as a generic medication labeled “mupirocin” or under the brand name Bactroban.
Mupirocin ointment can be used by adults and children when prescribed by a healthcare professional, such as a pediatrician or dermatologist. It is available only with a prescription.
What mupirocin is used for
Mupirocin is indicated for:
-
Impetigo
-
Folliculitis
-
Furunculosis
-
Ecthyma
Doctors may also prescribe mupirocin ointment to treat secondary skin infections, such as those that occur in eczema lesions or minor wounds.
Is mupirocin an antibiotic?
Yes. Mupirocin is a topical antibiotic that works by killing bacteria sensitive to its active ingredient, including Staphylococcus aureus, beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, and Streptococcus pyogenes. It also has some activity against certain gram-negative bacteria, particularly Haemophilus influenzae.
How to use
Mupirocin should be applied directly to the affected area of the skin in a thin layer. The ointment can be applied using sterile gauze, a cotton ball, or a cotton swab, which should be discarded after use.
The usual recommended dosage for adults and children is one application up to three times daily for 10 days, or as directed by the healthcare provider.
It’s important to complete the full course of treatment as prescribed, even if symptoms improve before finishing, to prevent bacterial resistance and ensure the infection is fully treated.
Precautions when using mupirocin ointment
Before applying mupirocin, wash your hands and clean the affected area with mild soap and water. Dry the skin thoroughly, then apply enough ointment to cover the area, following the schedule recommended by your doctor.
In some cases, your doctor may recommend covering the treated area with sterile gauze.
After applying mupirocin, wash your hands again unless you are treating an infection on your hands.
Avoid using mupirocin near the eyes, mouth, or inside the nose, as well as on areas with central venous catheter insertion or with medical cannulas.
Once the treatment is finished, discard any remaining ointment in the tube.
Possible side effects
The most common side effects of mupirocin ointment include:
-
Mild burning or stinging sensation at the application site
-
Itching
-
Redness
-
Dryness
-
Numbness
-
Skin irritation
In some cases, mupirocin may cause allergic reactions such as hives, angioedema, or anaphylaxis. Seek immediate medical care if you experience symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, difficulty breathing, hoarseness, throat tightness, swelling of the mouth, tongue, or face, blistering of the skin, or hives.
Who should not use it
Mupirocin ointment should not be used by infants younger than 3 months or by people allergic to any of its ingredients.
During pregnancy or breastfeeding, mupirocin should only be used if prescribed by a doctor, as there is limited data on its safety in humans.
Because mupirocin ointment contains polyethylene glycol, it should be used with caution in people with moderate to severe kidney disease, since this compound is eliminated through the kidneys.