Stomach rumbling and gas can be caused by excess gas. In most cases, though, stomach rumbling is simply a sign that the intestines are working normally. The sound is caused by the movement of liquid and/or air inside the intestines during normal intestinal contractions, called peristalsis.
In addition to gas, frequent or excessive stomach rumbling can sometimes be caused by problems such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), food intolerance, gastroenteritis, side effects from medications such as laxatives or antibiotics, inflammatory bowel disease, or, rarely, a bowel obstruction. In these situations, stomach noises are usually not the only symptom. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, abdominal bloating, and excessive burping or flatulence (passing gas) are also commonly present.
For this reason, it’s best to see your primary care provider or a gastroenterologist, especially if you have other symptoms. Finding the cause is important so you can receive the most appropriate treatment if needed.
When no specific cause is identified for intestinal gas, treatment usually focuses on lifestyle measures, such as regular exercise, avoiding foods that worsen symptoms, and changing certain habits like eating smaller portions or eating more slowly. In some cases, a healthcare provider may also recommend medications that aid digestion and help reduce gas.