The most common male birth control methods currently used are vasectomies and condoms. These options work by preventing sperm from reaching an egg, which effectively avoids pregnancy.
Condoms are the most popular choice because they are practical and easy to use. Additionally, they provide essential protection against various sexually transmitted infections.
A vasectomy is considered a permanent form of contraception for men. This surgical procedure is typically chosen by those who are certain they do not want children in the future.
Male birth control options
The primary types of male birth control include the following:
1. Condoms
The condom is a barrier method of male contraception that helps prevent unintended pregnancies. It is also the only method that offers protection against sexually transmitted infections.
Condoms do not cause any hormonal changes in the body. They also have no impact on the natural production or release of sperm during intercourse.
2. Vasectomy
A vasectomy is a contraceptive procedure that involves cutting, blocking, or sealing the vas deferens. This is the tube that connects the testicles to the penis and serves as the pathway for sperm.
By blocking this path, a vasectomy prevents sperm from being released during ejaculation. This method is generally intended for men who do not want more children, as it is often irreversible.
3. Injectable birth control
Experimental injectable contraceptives, such as Vasalgel, ADAM, and RISUG, are non-hormonal options. These are applied directly to the vas deferens to block sperm passage for 2 to 15 years.
The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and is designed to be reversible. Doctors can apply a specific solvent to the site to dissolve the block and restore sperm flow.
However, these injections are still undergoing clinical trials in humans. They must complete further testing before they can be legally marketed and sold in the United States.
4. Male birth control pill
A male contraceptive pill may work by lowering testosterone levels or inhibiting specific proteins like serine/threonine kinase 33. Other versions target retinoic acid receptors to stop the production of sperm.
Several types of male pills are currently being researched, including Dimethandrolone Undecanoate (DMAU), CDD-2807, and YCT-529. Other compounds like CDB-4022 and H2-Gamendazol are also under investigation.
These pills are not yet available to the public. They must undergo rigorous human testing to ensure safety, effectiveness, and the correct dosage before FDA approval.
5, Hormonal contraceptive gel
Scientists are studying a hormonal contraceptive gel that is applied once a day to the skin. This experimental method is designed to be absorbed through the skin to reduce sperm count.
The product typically contains a combination of hormones, such as segesterone acetate and testosterone. This blend helps suppress the signals that trigger sperm production.
Does a male birth control patch exist?
Currently, there is no male birth control patch approved for use by the FDA. There are also no active research studies or clinical trials focused on developing a contraceptive patch for men at this time.