Exosomes are tiny structures found inside cells that contain proteins, RNA, and DNA. They are being studied for potential use in treatments for hair loss, scars, and skin rejuvenation.
These structures help regulate the activity of fibroblasts—the cells responsible for producing collagen and elastin in the skin. They also support hair regeneration and help balance inflammatory substances like cytokines and prostaglandins.
Exosomes are mainly available in topical creams. In some countries, they are also found in microinjection solutions, although these are not approved by the FDA or other major health authorities due to limited research on their safety and effectiveness.
What exosomes are used for
Exosomes may be beneficial for:
1. Skin rejuvenation
By regulating fibroblast function and cell communication, exosomes may help rejuvenate the skin in aesthetic dermatology. They can also improve skin hydration, reduce photoaging, and minimize wrinkles and sagging.
2. Reducing inflammation
Exosomes have immunomodulatory properties that help regulate inflammatory substances such as interleukins, reducing skin inflammation. They are being researched as potential complementary treatments for inflammatory skin conditions like psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, lupus erythematosus, and scleroderma. However, more studies are still needed to confirm their safety and benefits.
3. Treating scars
Exosomes may support wound healing and help prevent the formation of keloids, hypertrophic scars, and adhesions. They play a role in several healing processes, including inflammation control, cell division, new blood vessel formation, and restoration of the extracellular matrix, which is essential for tissue structure.
4. Preventing hair loss
Exosomes produced by dermal papilla cells may help combat hair loss by increasing hair size, volume, and thickness. Dermal papilla cells are crucial for the development and maintenance of hair follicles and play an important role in regulating, regenerating, and forming new hair.
5. Aiding skin cancer diagnosis
Because exosomes carry genetic material, they are being investigated as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of certain skin cancers, such as melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma. However, additional studies are needed to better understand their potential diagnostic use.
Exosome facial treatment
Exosomes are used in facial rejuvenation treatments because they stimulate fibroblast activity, promoting the production of collagen and elastin. Over time, the skin naturally loses these proteins, which can lead to sagging and wrinkles. Using creams that boost collagen and elastin production can improve skin firmness and reduce the appearance of fine lines.
Treatment generally involves applying exosome-based creams to the skin under the guidance of a dermatologist.
How to apply
Before applying an exosome cream, the skin should be thoroughly cleansed to ensure better absorption. A small amount of cream is then applied and gently massaged into the skin until fully absorbed. It may be used twice daily, following your dermatologist’s recommendations.
Currently, exosomes are only approved for topical dermatological use under professional supervision. Injectable exosome treatments are not FDA-approved and require further studies to determine their safety and efficacy.
Possible complications
Possible complications from exosome use include bacterial or viral infections and, in some cases, the stimulation of tumor cell growth. This may occur because exosomes contain proteins, genetic material, and other cellular substances that can influence cell behavior and potentially cause disease.
There is still no standardized protocol or clear regulation on how exosomes should be extracted, purified, dosed, or safely administered.