Burning when peeing (dysuria) usually happens because the bladder or urethra is irritated or inflamed, most often from a urinary tract infection. Bacteria can irritate the lining of the urinary tract and make the nerves in the area more sensitive, which creates the burning sensation. Other symptoms include needing to pee more often, cloudy or strong-smelling urine, or lower belly pressure.
Other causes of burning when peering include sexually transmitted infections that inflame the urethra, like chlamydia or gonorrhea, which may also cause discharge. In men, prostatitis can trigger burning and pelvic discomfort. Sometimes there’s no infection: interstitial cystitis inflames the bladder wall, and urethral strictures or chemical irritants (scented soaps, douches) can also lead to pain when urinating.
It’s especially important to seek care if burning follows new sexual contact, or if there is fever, back or pelvic pain, blood in the urine, or symptoms that don’t improve in 24 to 48 hours. Using condoms, staying hydrated, and peeing after sex may help lower the risk of infection. Avoid perfumed products on the genital area.