Peeling nails usually happen when the outer layers of the nail plate become weak and start to separate. This is most often linked to repeated exposure to water, soaps, or cleaning products, which make nails swell and dry out over and over. Over time, that stress causes the layers to split and peel.
Frequent handwashing, dishwashing, or long baths are common triggers. Nail cosmetics can also play a role, especially gel, acrylic, or dip manicures, or aggressive filing and removal. These practices strip away protective layers and leave nails thinner and more fragile. Normal aging can contribute too, since nails tend to grow more slowly and lose strength with time.
In some cases, peeling nails are part of a broader brittle nail pattern. This can be seen with certain skin conditions, fungal nail infections, or medical issues like iron deficiency or thyroid disorders. When peeling appears suddenly, affects many nails, or comes with other changes like discoloration or nail lifting, it deserves closer attention.
To protect your nails, limit prolonged water exposure, wear gloves for wet work, and avoid picking or peeling polish. Do not start supplements or treatments on your own. If the problem keeps coming back or worsens, a dermatologist is the most appropriate specialist to evaluate the cause and guide safe treatment.