Breast implant illness is a term used to describe a range of symptoms that may be associated with autoimmune or inflammatory reactions to silicone breast implants. These symptoms can include joint pain, hair loss, psychological changes, and excessive fatigue.
Symptoms may appear within a few days of breast implant surgery or develop several years after the implants are placed. The exact cause of breast implant illness is not fully understood.
If signs or symptoms develop, it is important to consult a breast specialist or plastic surgeon for an evaluation. Treatment is based on the person's symptoms and may include removal of the breast implants.
Symptoms of breast implant illness
The main symptoms of breast implant illness are:
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Excessive fatigue;
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Anxiety or depression;
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Insomnia;
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Memory and concentration problems;
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Changes in bowel function;
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Joint pain;
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Muscle pain or weakness;
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Hair loss;
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Dry eyes or decreased vision.
These symptoms may appear within a few days after surgery to place silicone breast implants or may develop years after implantation.
People with silicone breast implants who develop symptoms associated with breast implant illness should consult a breast specialist or plastic surgeon for an evaluation and to determine the most appropriate treatment.
What is ASIA syndrome?
ASIA syndrome stands for Autoimmune/Inflammatory Syndrome Induced by Adjuvants. It is an autoimmune condition that may be triggered by adjuvants, which are substances considered "foreign" to the body and that may contribute to a chronic inflammatory response in people who are already predisposed to autoimmune diseases.
Examples of adjuvants that may contribute to the development of this syndrome include silicone, aluminum hydroxide, mercury, mineral oil, and titanium.
Although breast implant illness is sometimes described as being the same as ASIA syndrome, the Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery considers them different conditions. Breast implant illness is not considered a specific disease, but rather a group of symptoms.
Confirming a diagnosis
Breast implant illness is diagnosed by a breast specialist or plastic surgeon based on symptoms and medical history, as there are no laboratory or imaging tests that can confirm the condition.
However, the doctor may order tests to rule out other conditions that can cause similar symptoms, such as rheumatoid arthritis or Lyme disease.
Possible causes
The exact cause of breast implant illness is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to autoimmune or inflammatory reactions associated with silicone breast implants.
Treatment options
Treatment for breast implant illness should be guided by a plastic surgeon. Implant removal, also known as explant surgery, is usually recommended and may be enough for symptoms to improve or resolve.
In some cases, if the doctor identifies signs of inflammation or findings that may be associated with autoimmune changes, corticosteroids or anti-inflammatory medications may be recommended.