Astigmatism surgery is one of the most effective treatment options for astigmatism. It can help reduce the need for glasses or contact lenses.
This surgery is performed with a laser by an ophthalmologist. Different techniques may be used, such as LASIK or PRK, and in some cases, surgery can fully correct the person’s vision.
Astigmatism surgery can correct the problem, but an ophthalmologist must assess the person beforehand. The procedure is only done if certain criteria are met, such as having a sufficiently thick cornea, stable vision, and usually being at least 18 years old.
What to expect
Astigmatism surgery is performed by an ophthalmologist using local anesthesia. It usually takes about 20 minutes, although the length of the procedure may vary depending on the type of surgery.
This surgery is generally recommended for people over 18 years old or for those whose prescription has been stable for about 1 year.
Main types
The main types of astigmatism surgery are:
1. LASIK surgery
In this type of surgery, a cut is made in the cornea. A laser is then applied directly to the eye to change the shape of the cornea, helping images form correctly and preventing double vision and blurry vision.
Recovery is usually very good, and vision often improves quickly.
2. PRK surgery
In this type of surgery, the corneal epithelium, which is the outermost layer of the cornea, is removed with a blade. A laser is then applied to the eye.
Afterward, a contact lens is placed on the eye to help prevent pain after surgery.
Recovery from this surgery takes longer, and the person may feel pain. However, it is considered a safer technique in the long term.
Possible risks
Although they are not very common, astigmatism surgery can have some risks, such as:
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Incomplete correction of the problem, meaning the person may still need to wear glasses or contact lenses
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Dry eyes due to reduced eye lubrication, which can cause redness and discomfort
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Eye infection, which is more commonly related to not following proper care instructions after surgery
In more severe cases, blindness may occur due to corneal infections. However, this is a very rare complication and can be prevented with the use of eye drops after surgery.
According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, dry eye is a common adverse effect that should be discussed before corneal refractive surgery, while serious complications after LASIK, such as infection or permanent vision loss, are rare.
Still, although these risks are uncommon, the ophthalmologist cannot guarantee that complications will not occur.